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Dominion KX II-416

Dominion KX II-416

The next-generation Dominion® KX2-416 has a simple, robust "one KVM-over-IP switch per rack" deployment model that reduces cabling and simplifies installation. It provides four remote users and one local user with BIOS-level access and control of up to 16 servers. It works standalone or with our CommandCenter Secure Gateway centralized management appliance.

The KX2-416 offers the industry's highest video resolution — 1600 x 1200. Allows remote installation of software, file transferring and data back up with Universal Virtual Media. And 128-bit SSL AES or RC4 encryption. Offers the tightest mouse in the industry, reducing installation time with Absolute Mouse Synchronization. Controls power to servers with optional remote power unit. Comes standard with dual power and dual gigabit Ethernet with automatic failover. The Dominion KX II provides dual stack IP networking with simultaneous support of IPv4 and IPv6. Features Virtual KVM Desktop™, a common browser-based user interface that supports the industry's widest range of operating systems and browsers. Plus, it includes the industry's first and only browser-based local access.

The Dominion KX II solution consists of the KVM-over-IP switch and Computer Interface Modules (CIMs).

  • CIMs connect to the server's KVM ports and can be located up to 150 feet away from the switch using UTP (Cat5/5e/6) cabling. CIMs also provide keep-alive keyboard/mouse emulation.
  • Access from Windows®, Linux®, Sun® or Mac desktops via a wide range of Web browsers or standalone client.
  • Raritan's remote client software is automatically downloaded via Web browser; standalone multi-platform client available for emergency modem access.
  • Provides its entire feature set out of the box: Virtual Media, 128-bit AES or RC4 encryption, dual power supplies and dual gigabit Ethernet ports with failover, SNMP, Syslog, as well as integration with LDAP, Radius and Active Directory authentication.

Main Units
DKX2-416 16-port KVM-over-IP switch, 4 remote users, 1 local user, virtual media, dual power

 

Accessories
D2CIM-PWR Dominion KX II CIM for Remote Power Control and Dominion PX (KX II models only)
D2CIM-VUSB USB CIM required for virtual media and absolute mouse synchronization*
D2CIM-DVUSB Enhanced USB CIM required for virtual media (BIOS access) and absolute mouse synchronization.*
AUATC ASCII terminal converter - convert RS232 serial port to PS/2 and SUN keyboard and VGA ports, plus Cat5 port
AVGACS Required for DCIM-SUN for Sun computers with 13W3 video
D2CIM-DVUSB-32PAC Bulk pack of 32 D2CIM-DVUSB - Enhanced USB CIM required for virtual media (BIOS access) and absolute mouse synchronization.*
D2CIM-DVUSB-64PAC Bulk pack of 64 D2CIM-DVUSB - Enhanced USB CIM required for virtual media (BIOS access) and absolute mouse synchronization.*
D2CIM-VUSB-32PAC Bulk pack of 32 D2CIM-VUSB
D2CIM-VUSB-64PAC Bulk pack of 64 D2CIM-VUSB
DCIM-PS2 CIM for PS/2® keyboard and mouse
DCIM-SUN CIM for SUN® keyboard and mouse, HD15 video
DCIM-USBG2 CIM for USB and SUN USB keyboard and mouse
P2CIM-SER Paragon II, KX, KX II, MC CAT CIM for Serial (ASCII) Device. USB powered or use PWR-SER-4
PWR-SER-4 Power Supply to support up to four P2CIM-SER & P2CIM-SER-EU
WARDKX2-108/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-108 Gold
WARDKX2-108/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-108 Platinum
WARDKX2-116/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-116 Gold
WARDKX2-116/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-116 Platinum
WARDKX2-132/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-132 Gold
WARDKX2-132/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-132 Platinum
WARDKX2-216/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-216 Gold
WARDKX2-216/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-216 Platinum
WARDKX2-232/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-232 Gold
WARDKX2-232/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-232 Platinum
WARDKX2-416/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-416 Gold
WARDKX2-416/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-416 Platinum
WARDKX2-432/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-432 Gold
WARDKX2-432/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-432 Platinum
WARDKX2-464/24A-1 1-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-464 Gold
WARDKX2-464/24A-2 2-Yr Extended Warranty for DKX2-464 Platinum

 

Features

Benefits

Hardware Features

Next Generation Hardware Architecture



High Performance, Next Generation Video Hardware

Dominion KX II is a true next generation switch with an advanced hardware and software architecture. This innovative design enables new levels of KVM-over-IP performance, reliability, usability, compatibility and security.

Dominion KX II’s KVM-over-IP engine uses Raritan’s next generation technology, providing users with virtual at-the-rack performance. Next generation features include ultra-fast screen refresh, 1600x1200 remote resolution, advanced color calibration and per server video optimization.

Dual Power Supplies with Failover

For increased reliability and redundancy, all Dominion KX II models have dual AC inputs, dual power supplies and automatic failover to support the redundant power distribution used in enterprise data centers. If a power supply fails, the customer will be notified via front panel LED, SNMP TRAP, log message or via the administrative manager.

Four USB Ports for Keyboard, Mouse and USB Media

The Dominion KX II has four USB 2.0 ports, three on the back panel and one on the front panel for local keyboard, mouse and USB media.

Dual Gigabit Ethernet Ports with Failover

Dominion KX II provides high availability with dual gigabit Ethernet ports for redundancy. Should one Ethernet switch or interface card fail, Dominion KX II will automatically failover to the other port and continue operating.

Multiple Hardware Models

Multiple hardware models enable simultaneous access by one, two or four remote users to 8, 16, 32 or 64 servers. Raritan is the first and only vendor to provide a 64‑port digital KVM switch.

1U or 2U Form Factor

The Dominion KX2-464 is a 2U solution. Other KX II models are only 1U in height. Dominion KX II is extremely rack-efficient.

Cat5 Cabling

Dominion KX II interconnects with each server via standard, economical Cat5 (UTP) cabling. Servers may be located up to 150 cable feet from the Dominion KX II unit.

Multiplatform Computer Interface Modules (CIMs)

Dominion KX II supports multiplatform CIMs to connect to PS/2, USB and Sun™ servers. Dominion CIMs operate at distances of up to 150 feet from the KX II switch depending on server resolution.

Configurable Hardware Reset Button

Dominion KX II contains an administrator-configurable hardware reset button on the back panel.

Modem Port for Emergency Access

All Dominion KX II models have an integrated modem port for emergency remote access via external modem if the data network is not available.

Connectivity Features

One, Two or Four Concurrent Remote IP Users

Dominion KX II provides KVM-over-IP access to one, two or four simultaneous, remote users depending on the model purchased. Raritan provides a wide variety of KX II models to meet most customer needs and budgets. This is achieved while allowing full, unblocked local port access.

8, 16, 32 or 64 Server Ports

Users can connect up to 8, 16, 32 or 64 servers to each Dominion KX II via Cat5 cabling. Raritan is the first KVM-over-IP vendor with one, two and four channel 32 port models and the first to market with a 64‑port digital KVM switch.

Remote Network Access /
KVM-over-IP

Dominion KX II extends the Dominion KX’s award-winning video compression circuitry, the industry’s highest-performing KVM-over-IP technology. Users can access Dominion KX II from anywhere on the network (LAN, WAN, Internet, dial-up), allowing administrators to troubleshoot, reconfigure, reboot and even power cycle servers remotely.

Industry’s First Browser‑ Based Local Console Port

The Dominion KX II features the industry’s first browser-based local access. With a common, browser-based interface and full management functionality at the local port, the KX II provides a consistent user experience that is easy to learn.

KX2-464 – The Industry’s Highest Density Digital KVM Switch

The Dominion KX2-464 is the industry’s first 64-port digital switch, providing the highest port density of any digital KVM switch. The KX2-464 provides KVM-over-IP access to up to 64 servers, spanning two to four racks. Featuring a 2U enclosure, dual Ethernet ports, dual power supplies with automatic failover, and SNMP management, the KX2-464 provides an enterprise-level solution that consolidates four standard KVM switches to reduce cost and administration.

Integrated, Remote Power Control – Up to Eight Power Strips per KX II

Users can power up, power down or power cycle servers connected to optional Raritan remote power control units. A system administrator can not only troubleshoot a server remotely, but also power cycle that server with a click of the mouse. This user-friendly, remote power control is available for up to eight power strips per KX II unit.

Dual Stack IP Networking

The Dominion KX II provides dual stack IP networking with simultaneous support of IPv4 and IPv6.

Universal Virtual Media

All KX II Models have Virtual Media

The benefits of virtual media – mounting of remote drives/media on the target server to support software installation, remote booting and diagnostics – are now available in all the Dominion KX II models.

Centralized Management Appliance Support

Customers can access virtual media through Raritan’s CommandCenter® Secure Gateway. But, unlike other solutions, virtual media is available stand‑alone for customers not using a central management system.

Wide Variety of Supported Virtual Media Drives and Devices

Each Dominion KX II comes equipped with virtual media to enable remote management tasks using the widest variety of CD, DVD, USB, internal and remote drives and images. Unlike other solutions, the Dominion KX II supports virtual media access of hard drives and remotely mounted disks for added flexibility and productivity.

Secure Virtual Media with 128 Bit Encryption

Virtual media sessions are secured using 128‑bit AES or RC4 encryption.

New USB CIM with Virtual Media, Absolute Mouse Synchronization™ and Firmware Update

The D2CIM-VUSB CIM supports virtual media sessions to target servers supporting the USB 2.0 interface. Available in economical 32 and 64 quantity CIM packages, this new CIM supports Absolute Mouse Synchronization as well as remote firmware update.

New Dual-USB Virtual Media CIM and USB Profiles

The new dual-USB virtual media CIM (D2CIM-DVUSB) and USB Profile feature enable expanded BIOS use of virtual media drives.

Client Access and Control

Universal KVM Client Access – Anytime, Anywhere, Anyhow

The Dominion KX II provides KVM access through the industry’s broadest and most flexible range of operating systems, platforms and browsers, with no additional client license fees or cumbersome software licensing.

Next Generation Common
User Interface

The Dominion® KX II has a next generation, browser-based user interface for enhanced usability and productivity. This interface is common across the local port, remote access, management software as well as other Raritan products. This reduces training time and increases productivity.

Web Accessible Client

Users can access Dominion KX II via Web browser for anytime, anywhere access. Raritan’s client software is automatically downloaded; this eliminates the need to install “client” software on each user desktop.

Multiplatform Client Access to KX I and KX II

Existing customers of the Dominion KX can use the multiplatform client to simultaneously access their existing KX switches as well as newly-purchased KX II switches.

Multiplatform Access and Control for Windows®, Linux®, Sun/Solaris and Macintosh®

Raritan’s Java™-based clients provide multiplatform access and control on Windows, Linux, Sun/Solaris and Macintosh desktops.

Leading Web Browser Support Including Firefox and MozillaTM

Raritan’s client software supports the major Web browsers including Internet Explorer®, Firefox and Mozilla.

International Keyboard Support

Support for international language keyboards: Belgium, Danish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swiss, Swiss-German, US and UK.

Standalone Multi-Platform
Client Available

The standalone version of the Multi-Platform client is available on the www.raritan.com Web site for modem access and for users preferring an installed client.

Virtual KVM DesktopTM

Virtual KVM Desktop – A New Level of Access and Control

Raritan’s Virtual KVM Desktop provides a new generation of KVM access and control that provides a connection to the target server virtually indistinguishable from a direct connection.  The Virtual KVM Desktop is based on the following Raritan innovations: full screen video, transparent keyboard handling, flexible video scaling and fast video switching.

Absolute Mouse Synchronization™

The Absolute Mouse Synchronization feature is the ultimate mouse synchronization solution. For Windows and Mac servers with a compatible USB mouse port, there is no need to adjust the mouse settings on the target server. This reduces installation time and enhances the Dominion KX II’s plug-and-play nature. In addition, the remote and target server mouse pointers never go out of synchronization. This feature is enabled by the D2CIM-VUSB and D2CIM-DVUSB virtual media CIMs.

Intelligent Mouse Synchronization™

Most KVM switches require the customer to manually adjust the mouse motion and mouse acceleration settings for all connected target servers for each KVM user. With the Dominion KX II’s Intelligent Mouse option, no such manual configuration is required for many servers. The system can automatically adjust to the server’s mouse settings. This further enhances the KX II’s plug-and-play operation.

1600x1200 Remote Video Resolution

Dominion KX II provides 1600x1200 remote and local video resolution so even remote users can work with today’s higher resolution monitors.

Full Screen Video Display

With the Dominion KX II’s full screen video display, users appear to be directly connected to the target server. The user views the full video display from the target server without window borders or toolbars.

Flexible Video Scaling

In many instances, the user would like to “scale,” i.e., stretch or compress the target server’s video display to fit the display window on the client. With the Dominion KX II’s flexible scaling, the user is not restricted to fixed-size windows, but can drag the window border to the desired size, including small thumbnail views.

Fast Video Switching

Once the Dominion KX II’s advanced video resolution detection has calculated a target server’s video characteristics, connections to the server occur almost instantaneously. This gives the KX II user immediate access in most cases to all connected servers.

Transparent Keyboard Handling

Transparent keyboard handling means that virtually all user keystrokes are sent to the target server and not processed by the desktop client. This key feature of the Raritan Virtual KVM Desktop obviates the need for most keyboard macros and allows the user to directly interact with the target server with a higher level of connectivity.

Software Features

“Plug and Play” Appliance – Quick and Easy Setup

Dominion KX II is a completely self-contained system (i.e., an appliance). All KX II features, including authentication and Web access, are built into the unit and do not require the use of an additional server.

Automatic Color Calibration

The Dominion KX II provides automatic and manual color calibration that optimizes the screen display to provide vivid, lifelike colors to enhance productivity and reduce bandwidth.

15-bit Color Support

Dominion KX II’s 15-bit color support (32,000 colors) enables high video quality over the network. Multiple color modes, as well as greyscale, are available to connect via modem or low bandwidth link.

PC Share Mode

Up to eight users can connect and remotely access each connected server. This feature is very useful for administrator collaboration for teamed troubleshooting of servers.

Configurable Bandwidth Settings

Video performance can be configured to match the available network bandwidth. With high speed LAN access, more bandwidth is available and higher quality video information can be sent resulting in better performance. When accessing via a limited bandwidth connection, Dominion KX II can be configured to the limited bandwidth available.

Real-Time Server Status and Availability

Users can easily determine, via the user interface, if a given server is currently accessible/available.

 

Security Features

AES Encryption

The Dominion™ KX II utilizes the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption for added security.

AES is a US government‑approved cryptographic algorithm that is recommended by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the FIPS Standard 197.

Video and Virtual Media Encryption

Dominion KX II securely encrypts the video stream in addition to keyboard and mouse data.

RADIUS, LDAP and Active Directory® Authentication

Dominion KX II integrates with industry-standard directory servers, such as Microsoft’s® Active Directory, using either the LDAP or RADIUS protocols. This allows Dominion KX II to use pre-existing username/password databases for security.

Configurable Strong Password Checking

The Dominion KX II has administrator-configurable, strong password checking to ensure that user created passwords meet corporate and/or government standards and are resistant to brute force hacking.

Local Authentication with User, Groups and Permissions

In addition to external authentication, the Dominion KX II supports local authentication. Administrators can define users and groups with customizable administration and port access permissions.

Multiple Security Features

Dominion KX II offers many additional security features including strong password checking, password aging, access control lists, inactivity timers, group permissions, per port authorization, etc.

Management Features

Remote Management and Administration

Administrators can perform all management, administration and configuration operations, using a simple graphical user interface, from the convenience of their desktop.

Raritan’s CommandCenter® Integration

Like the rest of the Dominion Series, Dominion KX II features complete CommandCenter Secure Gateway integration, allowing enterprise users to consolidate all Dominion devices into a single logical system, accessible from a single IP address, and under a single management interface.

Dominion KX I Compatibility

Customers who have purchased Raritan’s award-winning Dominion KX I switches can continue to use these switches together with the new Dominion KX II. Both CommandCenter Secure Gateway and Raritan’s multiplatform client support seamless access and control of target servers and serial devices connected to the KX I and KX II digital appliances.

Paragon® and Dominion® CIM Compatibility

For existing Raritan customers, select Paragon I and Paragon II CIMs as well as the Dominion KX I DCIMs are supported by the KX II. Paragon and Dominion customers wanting to upgrade to KX II can reuse many of their CIMs, reducing the cost of migration.

SNMP Management and Syslog

The Dominion KX II SNMP agent distributes SNMP TRAPS for important system events to SNMP management systems; including the new CommandCenter® NOC service management appliances. SNMP TRAPS are fully configurable by the administrator. Syslog also available.

Firmware Upgrade over Ethernet

Dominion KX II firmware upgrades can be downloaded directly from the Raritan Web site and upgrades can be performed via the network.

D2CIM Firmware Upgrades

The Dominion KX II D2CIMs can be firmware upgraded from the KX II appliance to support new features and improvements. This includes the Dominion KX II USB CIMs supporting virtual media and Absolute Mouse Synchronization™ and the new KX II Power CIM.

KX2-416 (16 Server Ports, 4 Remote Users, 1 Local Port for Rack Use)

 

Dimensions:


17.3" (W) x 11.4" (D) x 1.75 " (H)
439mm (W) x 290mm (D) x 44mm (H)

Weight: 9.04lbs / (4.1 kg)
Power: Dual Power 100V/240V 50/60Hz 1A

Form Factor:1U, full width, rack mountable (brackets included)
Operating Temperature: 32° (0°C) to 104° (40°C)

Remote Connection

Network: Dual Failover 10/100/1000 gigabit Ethernet (RJ45)
Modem Port: DB9(F) DTE
Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, HTTPS, SNMP, UDP, RADIUS, LDAP, SNTP, DHCP, PAP, CHAP

Local Access Port

Video: HD15(F) VGA
Keyboard/Mouse: Mini-DIN6 (F) PS/2 and USB (F), 1 USB front, 3 USB rear

Sample Video Resolutions

PC text mode: 640x350, 640x480, 720x400
PC graphic modes: 640x480, 800x600, 1024x768, 1152x864, 1280x1024, 1600x1200
Sun video modes: 1024x768, 1152x864, 1152x900, 1280x1024

Computer Interface Modules (CIMs):

 

D2CIM-VUSB (USB CIM for Virtual Media, Absolute Mouse Synchronization)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

DCIM-PS2 (CIM for PS/2)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

DCIM-USBG2 (KXI & II G2 CIM for USB and Sun USB ports)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

DCIM-SUN (CIM for SUN)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

DCIM-USB (CIM for USB)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

DCIM-SUSB (CIM for SUN USB)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

D2CIM-PWR (CIM for remote power control)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

P2CIM-SER (Paragon II / Dominion KX II CIM for serial (ASCII) devices)

1.3 (W) x 3.0 (D) x 0.6 (H); 32mm (W) x 76mm (D) x 15mm (H)
Weight: 0.20 lb/0.09 kg

General Questions

Remote Access

Universal Virtual Media

Ethernet and IP Networking

IPv6 Networking

Servers

Installation

Local Port

Power Control

Scalability

Computer Interface Modules (CIMs)

Security

Manageability

Miscellaneous

 

What is Dominion KX II?
Dominion KX II is a second generation digital KVM (keyboard / video / mouse) switch that enables IT administrators to access and control 8, 16, 32 or 64 servers over the network with BIOS-level functionality. Dominion KX II is completely hardware- and OS-independent; users can troubleshoot and reconfigure servers even when servers are down.

At the rack, Dominion KX II provides the same functionality, convenience, space savings and cost savings as traditional analog KVM switches. However, Dominion KX II also integrates the industry’s highest-performing KVM-over-IP technology, allowing multiple administrators to access server KVM consoles from any networked workstation.

How does Dominion KX II differ from remote control software?
When using Dominion KX II remotely, the interface, at first glance, may seem similar to remote control software such as pcAnywhereTM, Windows® Terminal Services / Remote Desktop, VNC, etc. However, because Dominion KX II is not a software but a hardware solution, it’s much more powerful:

  • OS- and hardware-independent – Dominion KX II can be used to manage servers running many popular OS, including Intel®, SunTM, PowerPC running Windows, Linux®, SolarisTM, etc.
  • State-independent / Agentless – Dominion KX II does not require the managed server OS to be up and running, nor does it require any special software to be installed on the managed server.
  • Out-of-Band – Even if the managed server’s own network connection is unavailable, it can still be managed through Dominion KX II.
  • BIOS-level access – Even if the server is hung at boot up, requires booting to safe mode, or requires system BIOS parameters to be altered, Dominion KX II still works flawlessly to enable these configurations to be made.

How do the new features of the Dominion® KX II compare to the KX I?
Dominion KX II has many new and exciting features, including virtual media, dual power, dual gigabit Ethernet, common Web-based user interfaces, next generation local port, etc. See the “Features and Benefits” tab on the KX II Web pages on Raritan.com/KXII.

How do I migrate from the Dominion KX I to Dominion KX II?
In general, KX I customers can continue to use their existing switches for many years. As their data centers expand, customers can purchase and use the new KX II models. Raritan’s centralized management appliance, CommandCenter® Secure Gateway, and the Multiplatform Client both support KX I and KX II switches seamlessly.

Will my existing KX I CIMs work with the Dominion KX II switch?
Yes, existing KX I CIMs will work with the Dominion KX II switch. In addition, select Paragon® CIMs will work with the KX II. This provides an easy migration to KX II from Paragon I customers who wish to switch to KVM-over-IP.

Can the Dominion KX II be rack mounted?
Yes. The Dominion KX II ships standard with 19" rack mount brackets. It can also be reverse rack mounted so the server ports face forward.

How large is the Dominion KX II?
Dominion KX II is only 1U high (except KX2-464, which is 2U), fits in a standard 19" rack mount, and is only 11.4" (29 cm) deep.

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How many users can remotely access servers on each Dominion KX II?
Dominion KX II models offer remote connections for up to eight users per user channel to simultaneously access and control a unique target server. For one-channel devices like the DKX2-116, up to eight remote users can access and control a single target server. For two-channel devices, like the DKX2-216, up to eight users can access and control the server on channel one and up to another eight users on channel two. For four-channel devices, up to eight users per channel, for a total of 32 (8 x 4) users, can access and control four servers in a similar fashion.

Can two people look at the same server at the same time?
Yes, actually up to eight people can access and control any single server at the same time.

Can two people access the same server, one remotely and one from the local port?
Yes, the local port is completely independent of the remote “ports.” The local port can access the same server using the PC-Share feature.

In order to access Dominion® KX II from a client, what hardware, software or network configuration is required?
Because Dominion KX II is completely Web-accessible, it doesn’t require customers to install proprietary software on clients used for access. (An optional installed client is available on Raritan.com; this is required for access by external modem.) Dominion KX II can be accessed through major Web browsers including: Internet Explorer, Mozilla® and Firefox®. Dominion KX II can now be accessed on Windows®, Linux®, Sun SolarisTM and Macintosh® desktops, via Raritan’s Java-based Multiplatform Client (MPC) and the new Virtual KVM Client™. Dominion KX II administrators can also perform remote management (set passwords and security, rename servers, change IP address, etc.), using a convenient browser-based interface.

What is the file size of the applet that’s used to access Dominion KX II? How long does it take to retrieve?
The Virtual KVM Client applet used to access Dominion KX II is approximately 500KB in size. The following chart describes the time required to retrieve Dominion KX II’s applet at different network speeds:

100Mbps

Theoretical 100Mbit
network speed

0.05 seconds

60Mbps

Likely practical 100Mbit network speed

0.08 seconds

10Mbps

Theoretical 10Mbit network speed

.4 seconds

6Mbps

Likely practical 10Mbit network speed

.8 seconds

512Kbps

Cable modem download speed (typical)

8 seconds

How do I access servers connected to Dominion KX if the network ever becomes unavailable?
Dominion KX II offers a dedicated modem port for attaching an external modem, so you can access your servers via modem if the network is unavailable.

Do you have a non-Windows client?
Yes. Both the Virtual KVM Client and the Multiplatform Client (MPC), allow non-Windows users to connect to target servers through the Dominion KX I and KX II switches. MPC can be run via Web browsers and stand-alone. Please refer to Raritan’s Dominion KX II and MPC User Guides for more information.

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What Dominion KX II models support virtual media?
All Dominion KX II models support virtual media. It is available stand-alone and through CommandCenter® Secure Gateway, Raritan’s centralized management appliance.

What types of virtual media does the Dominion® KX II support?
Dominion KX II supports the following types of media: internal and USB-connected CD/DVD drives, USB mass storage devices, PC hard drives and ISO images.

What is required for virtual media?
A Dominion KX II virtual media CIM is required. There are two of these CIMs: the D2CIM-VUSB and the new D2CIM-DVUSB.

The D2CIM-DVUSB has dual USB connectors and should be purchased by customers who wish to utilize virtual media at the BIOS level.

The D2CIM-VUSB has a single USB connector and is for customers who will use virtual media at the OS level.

Both support virtual media sessions to target servers supporting the USB 2.0 interface. Available in economical 32 and 64 quantity CIM packages, these CIMs support Absolute Mouse SynchronizationTM, as well as remote firmware update.

Is virtual media secure?
Yes. Virtual media sessions are secured using 128 bit AES or RC4 encryption.

What is a USB Profile?
Certain servers require a specifically configured USB interface for USB based services such as virtual media. The USB Profile tailors the KX II’s USB interface to the server to accommodate these server specific characteristics.

Why would I use a USB Profile?
USB Profiles are most often required at the BIOS level where there may not be full support for the USB specification when accessing virtual media drives. However, profiles are sometimes used at the OS level, for example, for mouse synchronization for Mac® and Linux® servers.

How is a USB Profile used?
Individual or groups of ports can be configured by the administrator to use a specific USB profile in the KX II’s Port Configuration pages.

A USB profile can also be selected in the KX II client when required. See the user guide for more information.

Do I always need to set a USB Profile when I use virtual media?
No, in many cases, the default USB Profile is sufficient when using virtual media at the OS level or operating at the BIOS level without accessing virtual media.

What Profiles are available? Where can I find more information?
Consult the User Guide for the available profiles and for more information.

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How is bandwidth used in KVM-over-IP systems?
Dominion® KX II offers next generation KVM-over-IP technology – the very best video compression available. Raritan® has received numerous technical awards confirming its high video quality transmissions and the low bandwidth utilization. The Dominion KX II digitizes, compresses and encrypts the keyboard, video and mouse signals from the target server and transmits IP packets over the IP network to the remote client to create the remote session to the user. The KX II provides an at-the-rack experience based on its industry leading video processing algorithms. Screen changes, i.e. video, accounts for the majority of the bandwidth used – keyboard and mouse activity is significantly less. It is important to note that bandwidth is only used when the user is active. The amount of bandwidth used is based on the amount of change to the server’s video display screen. If there are no changes to the video – the user is not interacting with the server – there is generally no bandwidth used. If the user moves the mouse or types a character, then there is a small amount of bandwidth used. If the display is running a complex screen saver or playing a video, then there can be a larger amount of bandwidth used.

How does bandwidth affect KVM-over-IP performance?
In general, there is a trade-off between bandwidth and performance. The more bandwidth available, the better performance can be. In limited bandwidth environments, performance can degrade. The Dominion KX II has been optimized to provide strong performance in a wide variety of environments.

What factors affect bandwidth?
There are many factors that determine how much bandwidth will be used. The primary factor, as discussed previously, is the amount of change in the target server’s video display. This is dependent on the user’s task and actions. Other factors include the server’s video resolution, networking speed and characteristics, client PC resources, and video card noise. The Dominion KX II has very sophisticated video processing algorithms that optimize bandwidth and performance for a variety of environments. In addition, they are highly configurable; there are many settings to optimize bandwidth usage. In particular, the Connection Speed setting in the remote clients (VKC, MPC) can be set to reduce the bandwidth used. Unlike KX I, the “Noise Filter” parameter does not generally have a large role in reducing bandwidth or improving performance.

How much bandwidth does KX II use for common tasks?
As discussed previously, bandwidth primarily depends on the user’s task and actions. The more the server’s video screen changes, the more bandwidth is utilized. The table below summarizes some standard use cases at Dominion® KX II’s default and with two reduced bandwidth settings (Connection Speed setting of 1Mb with 15- and 8-bit color) on a Windows® XP target server (1024x768 resolution) over a 100 Mbit/s LAN:

User Task

Default

1Mb Speed
& 15-bit Color

1Mb Speed &
8-bit Color

Idle Windows Desktop

0 KB/s

0 KB/s

0 KB/s

Move Mouse Cursor

5 – 15 KB/s

2 – 6 KB/s

2 – 3 KB/s

Drag Icon

40 – 70 KB/s

10 – 25 KB/s

5 – 15 KB/s

Drag Folder

10 – 40 KB/s

5 – 20 KB/s

5 – 10 KB/s

Open Text Window

50 – 100 KB/s

25 – 50 KB/s

10 – 15 KB/s

Continuous Typing

1 KB/s

.5 – 1 KB/s

.2 – .5 KB/s

Scroll Text Window

10 –- 50 KB/s

5 – 25 KB/s

2 – 10 KB/s

Close Text window

50 – 100 KB/s

20 – 40 KB/s

10 – 15 KB/s

Open Panel

50 – 100 KB/s

60 – 70 KB/s

20 – 30 KB/s

Change Tab in Panel

40 – 50 KB/s

20 – 50 KB/s

10 – 20 KB/s

Close Panel

50 – 100 KB/s

40 – 60 KB/s

20 – 30 KB/s

Change Panel Option

2 – 10 KB/s

1 – 5 KB/s

1 – 3 KB/s

Open Browser Page

100 – 300 KB/s

50 – 200 KB/s

40 – 80 KB/s

Scroll Browser

75 – 200 KB/s

50 – 200 KB/s

30 – 100 KB/s

Close Browser

100 – 150 KB/s

75 – 100 KB/s

30 – 60 KB/s

Open Start Menu

75 – 100 KB/s

50 – 75 KB/s

20 – 30 KB/s

Close Start menu

75 – 100 KB/s

25 – 50 KB/s

10 – 15 KB/s

Starfield Screen Saver

25 – 50 KB/s

10 – 15 KB/s

7 – 10 KB/s

3D Pipes Screen Saver

10 – 100 KB/s

5 – 20 KB/s

2 – 10 KB/s

Windows Media Video

500 – 1200 KB/s

300 – 500 KB/s

150 – 300 KB/s

QuickTime Video #1

700 – 2500 KB/s

400 – 500 KB/s

150 – 350 KB/s

QuickTime Video #2

1500 – 2500 KB/s

400 – 550 KB/s

200 – 350 KB/s


With the reduced bandwidth settings, bandwidth is reduced significantly for virtually all tasks. With the 15-bit color setting, perceived performance is similar to the default parameters. Further bandwidth reductions are possible with additional changes in the settings. Please note that these bandwidth figures are only examples and may vary from those seen in your environment due to many factors.

How can I reduce bandwidth?
KX II provides a variety of settings in our remote clients for the user to optimize bandwidth and performance. The default settings will provide an at-the-rack level of performance in standard LAN/WAN environments with economical use of bandwidth. Bandwidth management settings include the Connection Speed and Color Depth. To reduce bandwidth: Connection speed. Reducing the connection speed can significantly reduce the bandwidth used. In a standard LAN/WAN environment, setting the connection speed to 1.5 or 1M bit per second will reduce bandwidth while maintaining good performance. Settings below this will further reduce bandwidth and are appropriate for slow bandwidth links. Color Depth. Reducing the color depth will also significantly decrease bandwidth and increase performance, but fewer colors will be used resulting in video degradation. This may be acceptable for certain system administration tasks. For slow Internet connections, use of 8-bit color or lower bit depths can reduce bandwidth and improve performance. Other tips to decrease bandwidth include:

  • Use a solid desktop background instead of a complex image
  • Disable screen savers
  • Use a lower resolution on the target server.
  • Uncheck the “Show window contents while dragging” option in Windows
  • Use simple images, themes and desktops (e.g., Windows® Classic)

What should I do on slower bandwidth links?
The Connection Speed and Color Depth settings can be tweaked to optimize performance for slower bandwidth links. For example, in the Multiplatform Client or the Virtual KVM Client, set the Connection Speed to 1.5Mb or 1Mb; and the Color Depth to 8 bit. Even lower Connection Speeds and Color Depths can be used for very low bandwidth situations. For modem connections, the KX II will automatically default to a very low connection speed and reduced color depth to optimize performance.

I want to connect over the Internet. What type of performance should I expect?
It depends on the bandwidth and latency of the Internet connection between your remote client and the KX II. With a cable modem or high speed DSL connection, your performance can be very similar to a LAN/WAN connection. For lower speed links, use the suggestions above to improve performance.

I have a high bandwidth environment. How can I optimize performance?
The default settings will provide strong performance in a high bandwidth environment. Ensure that the Connection Speed is set to 100Mb or 1Gb and the Color Depth is set to 15-bit RGB Color.

What is the speed of Dominion® KX II’s Ethernet interfaces?
Dominion KX II supports Gigabit as well as 10/100 Ethernet. KX II supports two 10/100/1000 speed Ethernet interfaces, with configurable speed and duplex settings (either auto-detected or manually set).

Can I access Dominion KX II over a wireless connection?
Yes. Dominion KX II not only uses standard Ethernet, but also very conservative bandwidth with very high quality video. Thus, if a wireless client has network connectivity to a Dominion KX II, servers can be configured and managed at BIOS-level wirelessly.

Does the Dominion KX II offer dual gigabit Ethernet ports to provide redundant failover, or load balancing?
Yes. Dominion KX II features dual gigabit Ethernet ports to provide redundant failover capabilities. Should the primary Ethernet port (or the switch/router to which it is connected) fail, Dominion KX II will failover to the secondary network port with the same IP address – ensuring that server operations are not disrupted. Note that automatic failover must be enabled by the administrator.

Can I use Dominion KX II with a VPN?
Yes. Dominion KX II uses standard Internet Protocol (IP) technologies from Layer 1 through Layer 4. Traffic can be easily tunneled through standard VPNs.

How many TCP ports must be open on my firewall in order to enable network access to Dominion KX II? Are these ports configurable?
Only one. Dominion KX II protects network security by only requiring access to a single TCP port to operate. This port is completely configurable for additional security. Note that, of course, to use Dominion KX II’s optional Web browser capability, the standard HTTPS port 443 must also be open.

Does Dominion KX II require an external authentication server to operate?
No. Dominion KX II is a completely self-sufficient appliance. After assigning an IP address to a Dominion KX II, it is ready to use – with Web browser and authentication capabilities completely built-in. If an external authentication server (such as LDAP, Active Directory®, RADIUS, etc.) is used, Dominion KX II allows this as well, and will even failover to its own internal authentication should the external authentication server become unavailable. In this way, Dominion KX II’s design philosophy is optimized to provide ease of installation, complete independence from any external server and maximum flexibility.

Can Dominion® KX II be used with CITRIX?
Dominion KX II may work with remote access products like CITRIX if configured appropriately, but Raritan® cannot guarantee it will work with acceptable performance. Customers should realize that products like CITRIX utilize video redirection technologies similar in concept to digital KVM switches so that two KVM-over-IP technologies are being used simultaneously.

Can the Dominion KX II use DHCP?
DHCP addressing can be used, however, Raritan recommends fixed addressing since the Dominion KX II is an infrastructure device and can be accessed and administered more effectively with a fixed IP address.

I’m having problems connecting to the Dominion KX II over my IP network. What could be the problem?
The Dominion KX II relies on the customer’s LAN/WAN network. Some possible problems include:

  • Ethernet auto negotiation. On some networks, 10/100 auto negotiation does not work properly and the KX II unit must be set to 100MB/full duplex or the appropriate choice for its network.
  • Duplicate IP Address. If the IP Address of the KX II is the same as another device, network connectivity may be inconsistent.
  • Port 5000 conflicts. If another device is using port 5000, the KX II default port must be changed (or the other device must be changed).
  • When changing the IP Address of a KX II, or swapping in a new KX II, sufficient time must be allowed for its IP and Mac® addresses to be known throughout the Layer 2 and Layer 3 networks.

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What is IPv6?
IPv6 is the acronym for “Internet Protocol Version 6”. IPv6 is the “next generation” IP protocol which will replace the current IP Version 4 (“IPv4”) protocol. IPv6 addresses a number of problems in IPv4, such as the limited number of IPv4 addresses. It also improves IPv4 in areas such as routing and network auto-configuration. IPv6 is expected to gradually replace IPv4, with the two coexisting for a number of years. IPv6 helps one of the largest headaches of an IP network from the administrator’s point of view; configuring and maintaining an IP network.

Why does Dominion KX II support IPv6 networking?
US government agencies and the Department of Defense are now mandated to purchase IPv6 compatible products. In addition, many enterprises and foreign countries such as China will be transitioning to IPv6 over the next several years.

What is “dual stack” and why is it required?
“Dual Stack” is the ability to simultaneously support both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols. Given the gradual transition from IPv4 to IPv6, dual stack is a fundamental requirement for IPv6 support.

How do I enable IPv6 on the KX II?
Use the “Network Settings” page, available from the “Device Settings” tab. Enable IPv6 addressing and choose manual or auto-configuration. Consult the users guide for more information.

What if I have an external server with an IPv6 address that I want to use with my KX II?
The Dominion® KX II can access external servers via their IPv6 addresses, for example, an SNMP Manager, Syslog server, or LDAP server. Using the KX II’s dual-stack architecture, these external servers can be accessed via (1) an IPv4 address, (2) IPv6 address or (3) hostname. So the Dominion KX II supports the mixed IPv4/IPv6 environment many customers will have.

Does the Dominion KX I (the previous generation KX) support IPv6?
No, the Dominion KX I does not support IPv6 addresses.

What if my network doesn’t support IPv6?
The Dominion KX II’s default networking is set at the factory for IPv4 only. When you are ready to use IPv6, then follow the above instructions to enable IPv6/IPv4 dual stack operation.

Where can I get more information on IPv6?
See www.ipv6.org for general information on IPv6. The Dominion KX II User Guide describes the Dominion KX II’s support for IPv6.

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Does Dominion KX II depend on a Windows server to operate?
Absolutely not. Because users depend on the KVM infrastructure to always be available in any scenario whatsoever (as they will likely need to use the KVM infrastructure to fix problems), Dominion KX II is designed to be completely independent from any external server. For example, should the data center come under attack from a malicious Windows® worm or virus, administrators will need to use the KVM solution to resolve the situation. Therefore, it is imperative that the KVM solution, in turn, must not rely on these same Windows servers (or any server, for that matter) to be operational in order for the KVM solution to function. To this end, Dominion KX II is completely independent. Even if a user chooses to configure the Dominion KX II to authenticate against an Active Directory® server – if that Active Directory server becomes unavailable, Dominion KX II’s own authentication will be activated and fully functional.

Do I need to install a Web server such as Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) in order to use Dominion® KX II’s Web browser capability?
No. Dominion KX II is a completely self-sufficient appliance. After assigning an IP address to Dominion KX II, it’s ready to use – with Web browser and authentication capabilities completely built-in.

What software do I have to install in order to access Dominion KX II from a particular workstation?
None. Dominion KX II can be accessed completely via a Web browser (although an optional installed client is provided on Raritan’s Web site Raritan.com, which is required for modem connections). A Java-based client is now available for non-Windows users.

What should I do to prepare a server for connection to Dominion KX II?
Simply set the mouse parameters in order to provide users with the best mouse synchronization during remote connections, as well as turning off the power management features that effect screen display. However, if the Absolute Mouse Synchronization™ is supported through the new D2CIM-VUSB adapter, then manually setting the mouse parameters isn’t necessary.

What comes in the Dominion KX II box?
The following is included: (a) Dominion KX II unit; (b) Quick Setup Guide; (c) standard 19" rack mount brackets; (d) User manual CD-ROM; (e) Network cable; (f) Crossover cable; (g) Localized AC Line Cord; (h) Warranty certificate and other documentation.

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Besides the unit itself, what do I need to order from Raritan to install Dominion KX II?
Each server that connects to Dominion KX II requires a Dominion or Paragon® Computer Interface Module (CIM), an adapter that connects directly to the keyboard, video and mouse ports of the server.

What kind of Cat5 cabling should be used in my installation?
Dominion KX II can use any standard UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cabling, whether Cat5, Cat5e, or Cat6. Often in our manuals and marketing literature, Raritan® will simply say “Cat5” cabling for short. In actuality, any brand UTP cable will suffice for Dominion KX II.

What types of servers can be connected to Dominion KX II?
Dominion KX II is completely vendor independent. Any server with standard-compliant keyboard, video, and mouse ports can be connected.

How do I connect servers to Dominion KX II?
Servers that connect to the Dominion KX II require a Dominion or Paragon CIM, which connects directly to the keyboard, video, and mouse ports of the server. Then, connect each CIM to Dominion KX II using standard UTP (twisted pair) cable such as Cat5, Cat5e, or Cat6.

How far can my servers be from Dominion KX II?
In general servers can be up to 150 feet (45 m) away from Dominion KX II depending on the type of server. (See user manual printed or on Web site). For the new D2CIM-VUSB CIM that supports virtual media and Absolute Mouse Synchronization, a 100-foot range is recommended.

Some operating systems lock up when I disconnect a keyboard or mouse during operation. What prevents servers connected to Dominion® KX II from locking up when I switch away from them?
Each Dominion computer interface module (DCIM) dongle acts as a virtual keyboard and mouse to the server to which it is connected. This technology is called KME (keyboard/mouse emulation). Raritan’s KME technology is data center grade, battle-tested and far more reliable than that found in lower-end KVM switches: it incorporates more than 15 years of experience and has been deployed to millions of servers worldwide.

Are there any agents that must be installed on servers connected to Dominion KX II?
Servers connected to Dominion KX II do not require any software agents to be installed, because Dominion KX II connects directly via hardware to servers’ keyboard, video and mouse ports.

How many servers can be connected to each Dominion KX II unit?
Dominion KX II models range from 8, 16 or 32 server ports in a 1U chassis to 64 server ports in a 2U chassis. This is the industry’s highest digital KVM switch port density.

What happens if I disconnect a server from Dominion KX II and reconnect it to another Dominion KX II unit, or connect it to a different port on the same Dominion KX II unit?
Dominion KX II will automatically update the server port names when servers are moved from port to port. Furthermore, this automatic update does not just affect the local access port, but propagates to all remote clients and the optional CommandCenter® Secure Gateway management appliance.

How do I connect a serially controlled (RS-232) device to Dominion KX II, such as a Cisco® router/switch or a headless SunTM server?
If there are only a few serially-controlled devices, they may be connected to a Dominion KX II using Raritan’s serial adapter, AUATC, or the new P2CIM-SER serial converter. However, if there are four or more serially-controlled devices, we recommend the use of Raritan’s Dominion SX line of secure console servers. For multiple serial devices, Dominion SX offers more serial functionality at a better price point than Dominion KX II. This SX is easy to use, configure and manage, and can be completely integrated with a Dominion Series deployment. In particular, many UNIX® and networking administrators appreciate the ability to directly SSH to a Dominion SX unit.

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Can I access my servers directly from the rack?
Yes. At the rack, Dominion KX II functions just like a traditional KVM switch – allowing control of up to 64 servers using a single keyboard, monitor and mouse.

When I am using the local port, do I prevent other users from accessing servers remotely?
No. The Dominion KX II local port has a completely independent access path to the servers. This means a user can access servers locally at the rack – without compromising the number of users that access the rack remotely at the same time.

Can I use a USB keyboard or mouse at the local port?
Yes. Dominion® KX II offers both PS/2 and USB keyboard and mouse ports on the local port. Note that the USB ports are USB v1.1, and support keyboards and mice only – not USB devices such as scanners or printers.

Is there an On-Screen Display (OSD) for local, at-the-rack access?
Yes, but Dominion KX II’s at-the-rack access goes way beyond conventional OSD’s. Featuring the industry’s first browser-based interface for at-the-rack access, KX II’s local port uses the same interface for local and remote access. Moreover, most administrative functions are available at-the-rack.

How do I select between servers while using the local port?
The local port displays the connected servers using the same user interface as the remote client. Users connect to a server with a simple click of the mouse.